Optimal. Leaf size=466 \[ -\frac {2 x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 d (b+2 c x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 d^2 \left (b \left (b^2 f-c (c d+3 a f)\right )-c \left (2 c^2 d-b^2 f+2 a c f\right ) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \left (b^2 d f-(c d+a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 b \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}{c \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{c^{3/2} f}+\frac {d^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b \sqrt {d}-2 a \sqrt {f}+\left (2 c \sqrt {d}-b \sqrt {f}\right ) x}{2 \sqrt {c d-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{2 f \left (c d-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {d^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b \sqrt {d}+2 a \sqrt {f}+\left (2 c \sqrt {d}+b \sqrt {f}\right ) x}{2 \sqrt {c d+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{2 f \left (c d+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )^{3/2}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.85, antiderivative size = 466, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 13, number of rules used = 9, integrand size = 28, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.321, Rules used = {6857, 627,
752, 654, 635, 212, 989, 1047, 738} \begin {gather*} -\frac {2 d^2 \left (b \left (b^2 f-c (3 a f+c d)\right )-c x \left (2 a c f+b^2 (-f)+2 c^2 d\right )\right )}{f^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \left (b^2 d f-(a f+c d)^2\right )}+\frac {2 d (b+2 c x)}{f^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 b \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}{c f \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {2 x (2 a+b x)}{f \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{c^{3/2} f}+\frac {d^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-2 a \sqrt {f}+x \left (2 c \sqrt {d}-b \sqrt {f}\right )+b \sqrt {d}}{2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \sqrt {a f+b \left (-\sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt {f}+c d}}\right )}{2 f \left (a f+b \left (-\sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt {f}+c d\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {d^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 a \sqrt {f}+x \left (b \sqrt {f}+2 c \sqrt {d}\right )+b \sqrt {d}}{2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \sqrt {a f+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+c d}}\right )}{2 f \left (a f+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+c d\right )^{3/2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 212
Rule 627
Rule 635
Rule 654
Rule 738
Rule 752
Rule 989
Rule 1047
Rule 6857
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d-f x^2\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (-\frac {d}{f^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {x^2}{f \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {d^2}{f^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d-f x^2\right )}\right ) \, dx\\ &=-\frac {d \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx}{f^2}+\frac {d^2 \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d-f x^2\right )} \, dx}{f^2}-\frac {\int \frac {x^2}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx}{f}\\ &=-\frac {2 x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 d (b+2 c x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 d^2 \left (b \left (b^2 f-c (c d+3 a f)\right )-c \left (2 c^2 d-b^2 f+2 a c f\right ) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \left (b^2 d f-(c d+a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 \int \frac {2 a+b x}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f}-\frac {\left (2 d^2\right ) \int \frac {\frac {1}{2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f (c d+a f)-\frac {1}{2} b \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 x}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2} \left (d-f x^2\right )} \, dx}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \left (b^2 d f-(c d+a f)^2\right )}\\ &=-\frac {2 x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 d (b+2 c x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 d^2 \left (b \left (b^2 f-c (c d+3 a f)\right )-c \left (2 c^2 d-b^2 f+2 a c f\right ) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \left (b^2 d f-(c d+a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 b \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}{c \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{c f}-\frac {d^{3/2} \int \frac {1}{\left (-\sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}-f x\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {f} \left (c d-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )}+\frac {d^{3/2} \int \frac {1}{\left (\sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}-f x\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {f} \left (c d+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )}\\ &=-\frac {2 x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 d (b+2 c x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 d^2 \left (b \left (b^2 f-c (c d+3 a f)\right )-c \left (2 c^2 d-b^2 f+2 a c f\right ) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \left (b^2 d f-(c d+a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 b \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}{c \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f}-\frac {2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4 c-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{c f}+\frac {d^{3/2} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4 c d f-4 b \sqrt {d} f^{3/2}+4 a f^2-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}-2 a f-\left (-2 c \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+b f\right ) x}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {f} \left (c d-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )}-\frac {d^{3/2} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4 c d f+4 b \sqrt {d} f^{3/2}+4 a f^2-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}-2 a f-\left (2 c \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+b f\right ) x}{\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {f} \left (c d+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )}\\ &=-\frac {2 x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 d (b+2 c x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}-\frac {2 d^2 \left (b \left (b^2 f-c (c d+3 a f)\right )-c \left (2 c^2 d-b^2 f+2 a c f\right ) x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f^2 \left (b^2 d f-(c d+a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}+\frac {2 b \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}{c \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) f}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{c^{3/2} f}+\frac {d^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b \sqrt {d}-2 a \sqrt {f}+\left (2 c \sqrt {d}-b \sqrt {f}\right ) x}{2 \sqrt {c d-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{2 f \left (c d-b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {d^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b \sqrt {d}+2 a \sqrt {f}+\left (2 c \sqrt {d}+b \sqrt {f}\right ) x}{2 \sqrt {c d+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f} \sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}}\right )}{2 f \left (c d+b \sqrt {d} \sqrt {f}+a f\right )^{3/2}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3 in
optimal.
time = 1.25, size = 453, normalized size = 0.97 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \left (b^4 d x+a b^2 d (b-4 c x)-a^3 f (b-2 c x)-a^2 \left (3 b c d-2 c^2 d x+b^2 f x\right )\right )}{c \left (-b^2+4 a c\right ) \left (c^2 d^2+2 a c d f+f \left (-b^2 d+a^2 f\right )\right ) \sqrt {a+x (b+c x)}}+\frac {\log \left (c f \left (b+2 c x-2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+x (b+c x)}\right )\right )}{c^{3/2} f}-\frac {d^2 \text {RootSum}\left [b^2 d-a^2 f-4 b \sqrt {c} d \text {$\#$1}+4 c d \text {$\#$1}^2+2 a f \text {$\#$1}^2-f \text {$\#$1}^4\&,\frac {b c d \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right )+2 a b f \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right )-2 c^{3/2} d \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}-2 a \sqrt {c} f \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}-b f \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+b x+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}^2}{b \sqrt {c} d-2 c d \text {$\#$1}-a f \text {$\#$1}+f \text {$\#$1}^3}\&\right ]}{2 f \left (c^2 d^2+2 a c d f+f \left (-b^2 d+a^2 f\right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1063\) vs.
\(2(394)=788\).
time = 0.13, size = 1064, normalized size = 2.28
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {-\frac {x}{c \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}-\frac {b \left (-\frac {1}{c \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}-\frac {b \left (2 c x +b \right )}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}\right )}{2 c}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {\frac {b}{2}+c x}{\sqrt {c}}+\sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{2}}}}{f}-\frac {2 d \left (2 c x +b \right )}{f^{2} \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b x +a}}+\frac {d^{2} \left (\frac {f}{\left (-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right ) \sqrt {\left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )^{2} c +\frac {\left (-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+\frac {-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}-\frac {\left (-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (2 c \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )+\frac {-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f}{f}\right )}{\left (-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right ) \left (\frac {4 c \left (-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right )}{f}-\frac {\left (-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right )^{2}}{f^{2}}\right ) \sqrt {\left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )^{2} c +\frac {\left (-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+\frac {-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}-\frac {f \ln \left (\frac {\frac {-2 b \sqrt {d f}+2 f a +2 c d}{f}+\frac {\left (-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+2 \sqrt {\frac {-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}\, \sqrt {\left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )^{2} c +\frac {\left (-2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+\frac {-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}{x +\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}}\right )}{\left (-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right ) \sqrt {\frac {-b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}\right )}{2 f^{2} \sqrt {d f}}-\frac {d^{2} \left (\frac {f}{\left (b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right ) \sqrt {\left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )^{2} c +\frac {\left (2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+\frac {b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}-\frac {\left (2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (2 c \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )+\frac {2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f}{f}\right )}{\left (b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right ) \left (\frac {4 c \left (b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right )}{f}-\frac {\left (2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right )^{2}}{f^{2}}\right ) \sqrt {\left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )^{2} c +\frac {\left (2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+\frac {b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}-\frac {f \ln \left (\frac {\frac {2 b \sqrt {d f}+2 f a +2 c d}{f}+\frac {\left (2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+2 \sqrt {\frac {b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}\, \sqrt {\left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )^{2} c +\frac {\left (2 c \sqrt {d f}+b f \right ) \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}\right )}{f}+\frac {b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}{x -\frac {\sqrt {d f}}{f}}\right )}{\left (b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d \right ) \sqrt {\frac {b \sqrt {d f}+f a +c d}{f}}}\right )}{2 f^{2} \sqrt {d f}}\) | \(1064\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: ValueError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-1)] Timed out
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} - \int \frac {x^{4}}{- a d \sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}} + a f x^{2} \sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}} - b d x \sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}} + b f x^{3} \sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}} - c d x^{2} \sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}} + c f x^{4} \sqrt {a + b x + c x^{2}}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^4}{\left (d-f\,x^2\right )\,{\left (c\,x^2+b\,x+a\right )}^{3/2}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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